Hafnium Element (Periodic Table)

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Hafnium

Hafnium (Hf) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 4 and the period 6, and is having the atomic number 72. It is a ductile, lustrous, silvery-grey transition metal, which is named after Hafnia, the Latin name for Copenhagen, the city where it was discovered.

group
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
period
1
 1
H
 2
He
2
 3
Li
 4
Be
 5
B
 6
C
 7
N
 8
O
 9
F
 10
Ne
3
 11
Na
 12
Mg
 13
Al
 14
Si
 15
P
 16
S
 17
Cl
 18
Ar
4
 19
K
 20
Ca
 21
Sc
 22
Ti
 23
V
 24
Cr
 25
Mn
 26
Fe
 27
Co
 28
Ni
 29
Cu
 30
Zn
 31
Ga
 32
Ge
 33
As
 34
Se
 35
Br
 36
Kr
5
 37
Rb
 38
Sr
 39
Y
 40
Zr
 41
Nb
 42
Mo
 43
Tc
 44
Ru
 45
Rh
 46
Pd
 47
Ag
 48
Cd
 49
In
 50
Sn
 51
Sb
 52
Te
 53
I
 54
Xe
6
 55
Cs
 56
Ba
 72
Hf
 73
Ta
 74
W
 75
Re
 76
Os
 77
Ir
 78
Pt
 79
Au
 80
Hg
 81
Tl
 82
Pb
 83
Bi
 84
Po
 85
At
 86
Rn
7
 87
Fr
 88
Ra
 104
Rf
 105
Db
 106
Sg
 107
Bh
 108
Hs
 109
Mt
 110
Ds
 111
Rg
 112
Cn
 113
Nh
 114
Fl
 115
Mc
 116
Lv
 117
Ts
 118
Og
57
La
 58
Ce
 59
Pr
 60
Nd
 61
Pm
 62
Sm
 63
Eu
 64
Gd
 65
Tb
 66
Dy
 67
Ho
 68
Er
 69
Tm
 70
Yb
 71
Lu
89
Ac
 90
Th
 91
Pa
 92
U
 93
Np
 94
Pu
 95
Am
 96
Cm
 97
Bk
 98
Cf
 99
Es
 100
Fm
 101
Md
 102
No
 103
Lr
– d block

FAQs on Hafnium Element

Hafnium
‣ What does hafnium look like?

Appearance: steel grey
‣ Who discovered hafnium? When was hafnium discovered?

Prediction: Dmitri Mendeleev (1869)
Discovery and first isolation: Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy (1922)
‣ Where is hafnium on the periodic table?

Hafnium Periodic Table

Location: Hafnium is found in the fourth column of the periodic table, below the zirconium element.
‣ What’s the atomic mass number for hafnium?

Atomic number (Z): 72
‣ Hafnium symbol: Hf
‣ Hafnium atomic weight: 178.486
‣ Hafnium is which block element?

Block: d-block
‣ What is the group number of the element hafnium?

Group: 4
‣ Period of hafnium in the periodic table

Period: 6
‣ What is the atomic radius of hafnium?

Atomic radius: empirical: 159 pm
‣ Hafnium covalent radius: 175±10 pm
‣ What is hafnium’s melting point?

Melting point: 2506 K (2233 °C, 4051 °F)
‣ What is the boiling point of hafnium?

Boiling point: 4876 K (4603 °C, 8317 °F)
‣ How many electron shells does hafnium have?

Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2
‣ What is the electron configuration of hafnium?

Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
‣ Hafnium ionization energies:
1st: 658.5 kJ/mol
2nd: 1440 kJ/mol
3rd: 2250 kJ/mol
‣ What is the phase of hafnium?

Phase (at r.t): solid
‣ Hafnium density (near r.t): 13.31 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p): 12 g/cm3
‣ Hafnium magnetic ordering: paramagnetic
‣ Hafnium natural occurrence: primordial
‣ Hafnium oxidation state: +4
‣ What’s the electronegativity of hafnium?

Electronegativity: Pauling scale: 1.3
‣ Hafnium poisson’s ratio: 0.37
‣ Hafnium heat of fusion: 27.2 kJ/mol
‣ Hafnium heat of vaporization: 648 kJ/mol
‣ Hafnium molar heat capacity: 25.73 J/(mol K)
‣ Hafnium molar magnetic susceptibility: +75.0 × 10-6 cm3/mol (at 298 K)
‣ Speed of sound in hafnium: 3010 m/s (at 20 °C)
‣ What is the crystal structure of hafnium?

Crystal structure: hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
‣ Thermal expansion of hafnium: 5.9 µm/(m.K) (at 25 °C)
‣ Thermal conductivity of hafnium: 23.0 W/(m.K)
‣ Hafnium electrical resistivity: 331 nΩ.m (at 20 °C)
‣ Hafnium hardness

Vickers hardness: 1520-2060 MPa
Brinell hardness: 1450-2100 MPa
‣ Young’s modulus of hafnium: 78 GPa
‣ Shear modulus of hafnium: 30 GPa
‣ Bulk modulus of hafnium: 110 GPa
‣ Hafnium CAS number: 7440-58-6

‣ Hafnium vapor pressure

Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)268929543277367941944876

‣ How many isotopes does hafnium have?

Main isotopes of hafnium
IsotopeAbundanceHalf-life (t1/2)Decay modeProduct
172Hfsyn1.87 yε172Lu
174Hf0.16 %2 × 1015 yα170Yb
176Hf5.26 %stable
177Hf18.60 %stable
178Hf27.28 %stable
178Hfsyn31 yIT178Hf
179Hf13.62 %stable
180Hf35.08 %stable
182Hfsyn8.9 × 106 yβ–182Ta

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