Samarium Bohr model

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Samarium Bohr model
Samarium Bohr model | Image: Learnool

The samarium Bohr model depicts a nucleus with 62 protons and 88 neutrons. Orbiting this nucleus are six electron shells, housing a total of 62 electrons.

To draw the samarium Bohr model, outline the 62 protons, 88 neutrons, and 62 electrons. Start by illustrating the nucleus, and then draw the six electron shells. The first five shells should contain 2, 8, 18, 24, and 8 electrons, respectively, while the sixth shell holds the remaining 2 electrons.

Steps

Write protons, neutrons, and electrons of samarium atom

Samarium has 62 protons, 88 neutrons, and 62 electrons.

Draw nucleus of samarium atom

The nucleus of a samarium atom contains 62 protons and 88 neutrons. So draw the nucleus of samarium atom as follows:

Samarium nucleus
Samarium nucleus | Image: Learnool

Now in the next step, draw the 1st electron shell and start marking electrons.

Draw 1st electron shell

Remember that we have a total of 62 electrons.

The 1st electron shell (containing s subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 2 electrons. So draw the 1st electron shell as follows:

Samarium shell 1
Samarium 1st electron shell drawn | Image: Learnool

In the above image, 1 represents the 1st electron shell that contains 1s subshell. And the green color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 1st electron shell has a total of 2 electrons.

Since we have already used 2 electrons in the 1st electron shell, now we have 62 – 2 = 60 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 2nd electron shell.

Draw 2nd electron shell

The 2nd electron shell (containing s subshell and p subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 8 electrons. So draw the 2nd electron shell as follows:

Samarium shell 2
Samarium 2nd electron shell drawn | Image: Learnool

In the above image, 2 represents the 2nd electron shell that contains 2s and 2p subshells. And the green and orange color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 2nd electron shell has a total of 8 electrons.

Now we have already used 10 electrons in 1st and 2nd electron shells, so we have 62 – 10 = 52 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 3rd electron shell.

Draw 3rd electron shell

The 3rd electron shell (containing s subshell, p subshell, and d subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 18 electrons. So draw the 3rd electron shell as follows:

Samarium shell 3
Samarium 3rd electron shell drawn | Image: Learnool

In the above image, 3 represents the 3rd electron shell that contains 3s, 3p, and 3d subshells. And the green, orange, and pink color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 3rd electron shell has a total of 18 electrons.

Now we have already used 28 electrons in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd electron shells, so we have 62 – 28 = 34 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 4th electron shell.

Draw 4th electron shell

The 4th electron shell (containing s subshell, p subshell, d subshell, and f subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 32 electrons. So draw the 4th electron shell as follows:

Samarium shell 4
Samarium 4th electron shell drawn | Image: Learnool

In the above image, 4 represents the 4th electron shell that contains 4s, 4p, 4d, and 4f subshells. And the green, orange, pink, and blue color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 4th electron shell has a total of 24 electrons.

In the 4th electron shell, the 4f subshell has only six electrons. This is because according to the aufbau principle, the 5s subshell is filled first and then 4d, 5p, 6s… and so on.

Now we have already used 52 electrons in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th electron shells, so we have 62 – 52 = 10 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 5th electron shell.

Still have a question: Why does the 4f subshell have only six electrons?

Let’s draw the orbital diagram of samarium, and find the answer to the above question.

Samarium orbital diagram
Samarium orbital diagram | Image: Learnool

Answer: Once the 6s subshell is completely filled, then only we can mark electrons in the 4f subshell. That’s why in the 4th electron shell, the 4f subshell has only six electrons.

Draw 5th electron shell

The 5th electron shell can hold up to a maximum of 50 electrons. So draw the 5th electron shell as follows:

Samarium shell 5
Samarium 5th electron shell drawn | Image: Learnool

In the above image, 5 represents the 5th electron shell that contains 5s and 5p subshells. And the green and orange color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 5th electron shell has a total of 8 electrons.

The 5th electron shell contains only 5s and 5p subshells, and not 5d and 5f subshells. This is because according to the aufbau principle, the 6s subshell is filled first and then 4f, 5d, 6p… and so on.

Now we have already used 60 electrons in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th electron shells, so we have 62 – 60 = 2 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 6th electron shell.

Draw 6th electron shell

The 6th electron shell can hold up to a maximum of 72 electrons. So draw the 6th electron shell as follows:

Samarium shell 6
Samarium 6th electron shell drawn | Image: Learnool

In the above image, 6 represents the 6th electron shell that contains 6s subshell. And the green color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 6th electron shell has a total of 2 electrons.

That’s it! This is the final Bohr model of samarium atom as we have used all 62 electrons: 2 electrons in the 1st electron shell, 8 electrons in the 2nd electron shell, 18 electrons in the 3rd electron shell, 24 electrons in the 4th electron shell, 8 electrons in the 5th electron shell, and 2 electrons in the 6th electron shell.

Next: Europium Bohr model

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Learnool.com was founded by Deep Rana, who is a mechanical engineer by profession and a blogger by passion. He has a good conceptual knowledge on different educational topics and he provides the same on this website. He loves to learn something new everyday and believes that the best utilization of free time is developing a new skill.

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