CBr4 Lewis structure

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CBr₄ (carbon tetrabromide) has one carbon atom and four bromine atoms.

In the CBr₄ Lewis structure, there are four single bonds around the carbon atom, with four bromine atoms attached to it, and on each bromine atom, there are three lone pairs.

Steps

To properly draw the CBr₄ Lewis structure, follow these steps:

#1 Draw a rough sketch of the structure
#2 Next, indicate lone pairs on the atoms
#3 Indicate formal charges on the atoms, if necessary

Let’s break down each step in more detail.

#1 Draw a rough sketch of the structure

• First, determine the total number of valence electrons

In the periodic table, carbon lies in group 14, and bromine lies in group 17.

Hence, carbon has four valence electrons and bromine has seven valence electrons.

Since CBr₄ has one carbon atom and four bromine atoms, so…

Valence electrons of one carbon atom = 4 × 1 = 4
Valence electrons of four bromine atoms = 7 × 4 = 28

And the total valence electrons = 4 + 28 = 32

Learn how to find: Carbon valence electrons and Bromine valence electrons

• Second, find the total electron pairs

We have a total of 32 valence electrons. And when we divide this value by two, we get the value of total electron pairs.

Total electron pairs = total valence electrons ÷ 2

So the total electron pairs = 32 ÷ 2 = 16

• Third, determine the central atom

We have to place the least electronegative atom at the center.

Since carbon is less electronegative than bromine, assume that the central atom is carbon.

Therefore, place carbon in the center and bromines on either side.

• And finally, draw the rough sketch

#2 Next, indicate lone pairs on the atoms

Here, we have a total of 16 electron pairs. And four C — Br bonds are already marked. So we have to only mark the remaining twelve electron pairs as lone pairs on the sketch.

Also remember that carbon is a period 2 element, so it can not keep more than 8 electrons in its last shell. And bromine is a period 4 element, so it can keep more than 8 electrons in its last shell.

Always start to mark the lone pairs from outside atoms. Here, the outside atoms are bromines.

So for each bromine, there are three lone pairs, and for carbon, there is zero lone pair because all twelve electron pairs are over.

Mark the lone pairs on the sketch as follows:

#3 Indicate formal charges on the atoms, if necessary

Use the following formula to calculate the formal charges on atoms:

Formal charge = valence electrons – nonbonding electrons – ½ bonding electrons

For carbon atom, formal charge = 4 – 0 – ½ (8) = 0

For each bromine atom, formal charge = 7 – 6 – ½ (2) = 0

Here, both carbon and bromine atoms do not have charges, so no need to mark the charges.

In the above structure, you can see that the central atom (carbon) forms an octet. And the outside atoms (bromines) also form an octet. Hence, the octet rule is satisfied.

Therefore, this structure is the stable Lewis structure of CBr₄.

Next: OCN^– Lewis structure

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External links

• https://www.thegeoexchange.org/chemistry/bonding/Lewis-Structures/CBr4-lewis-structure.html
• https://topblogtenz.com/cbr4-lewis-structure-molecular-geometry-polarity/
• https://lambdageeks.com/cbr4-lewis-structure/
• https://sciedutut.com/how-to-draw-a-cbr4-lewis-structure/