
Carbon (C) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 14 and the period 2, and is having the atomic number 6. It is a shiny, black or dull grey reactive nonmetal, whose name comes from the Latin word “carbo”, which means charcoal. It is the 17th most abundant element on earth and is the first element in the carbon group.
group | ⇨ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
period | ⇩ | ||||||||||||||||||
1 | 1 H ![]() Hydrogen |
2 He ![]() Helium |
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2 | 3 Li ![]() Lithium |
4 Be ![]() Beryllium |
5 B ![]() Boron |
6 C ![]() Carbon |
7 N ![]() Nitrogen |
8 O ![]() Oxygen |
9 F ![]() Fluorine |
10 Ne ![]() Neon |
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3 | 11 Na ![]() Sodium |
12 Mg ![]() Magnesium |
13 Al ![]() Aluminium |
14 Si ![]() Silicon |
15 P ![]() Phosphorus |
16 S ![]() Sulfur |
17 Cl ![]() Chlorine |
18 Ar ![]() Argon |
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4 | 19 K ![]() Potassium |
20 Ca ![]() Calcium |
21 Sc ![]() Scandium |
22 Ti ![]() Titanium |
23 V ![]() Vanadium |
24 Cr ![]() Chromium |
25 Mn ![]() Manganese |
26 Fe ![]() Iron |
27 Co ![]() Cobalt |
28 Ni ![]() Nickel |
29 Cu ![]() Copper |
30 Zn ![]() Zinc |
31 Ga ![]() Gallium |
32 Ge ![]() Germanium |
33 As ![]() Arsenic |
34 Se ![]() Selenium |
35 Br ![]() Bromine |
36 Kr ![]() Krypton |
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5 | 37 Rb ![]() Rubidium |
38 Sr ![]() Strontium |
39 Y ![]() Yttrium |
40 Zr ![]() Zirconium |
41 Nb ![]() Niobium |
42 Mo ![]() Molybdenum |
43 Tc ![]() Technetium |
44 Ru ![]() Ruthenium |
45 Rh ![]() Rhodium |
46 Pd ![]() Palladium |
47 Ag ![]() Silver |
48 Cd ![]() Cadmium |
49 In ![]() Indium |
50 Sn ![]() Tin |
51 Sb ![]() Antimony |
52 Te ![]() Tellurium |
53 I ![]() Iodine |
54 Xe ![]() Xenon |
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6 | 55 Cs ![]() Caesium |
56 Ba ![]() Barium |
72 Hf ![]() Hafnium |
73 Ta ![]() Tantalum |
74 W ![]() Tungsten |
75 Re ![]() Rhenium |
76 Os ![]() Osmium |
77 Ir ![]() Iridium |
78 Pt ![]() Platinum |
79 Au ![]() Gold |
80 Hg ![]() Mercury |
81 Tl ![]() Thallium |
82 Pb ![]() Lead |
83 Bi ![]() Bismuth |
84 Po ![]() Polonium |
85 At ![]() Astatine |
86 Rn ![]() Radon |
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7 | 87 Fr ![]() Francium |
88 Ra ![]() Radium |
104 Rf ![]() Rutherfordium |
105 Db ![]() Dubnium |
106 Sg ![]() Seaborgium |
107 Bh ![]() Bohrium |
108 Hs ![]() Hassium |
109 Mt ![]() Meitnerium |
110 Ds ![]() Darmstadtium |
111 Rg ![]() Roentgenium |
112 Cn ![]() Copernicium |
113 Nh ![]() Nihonium |
114 Fl ![]() Flerovium |
115 Mc ![]() Moscovium |
116 Lv ![]() Livermorium |
117 Ts ![]() Tennessine |
118 Og ![]() Oganesson |
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57 La ![]() Lanthanum |
58 Ce ![]() Cerium |
59 Pr ![]() Praseodymium |
60 Nd ![]() Neodymium |
61 Pm ![]() Promethium |
62 Sm ![]() Samarium |
63 Eu ![]() Europium |
64 Gd ![]() Gadolinium |
65 Tb ![]() Terbium |
66 Dy ![]() Dysprosium |
67 Ho ![]() Holmium |
68 Er ![]() Erbium |
69 Tm ![]() Thulium |
70 Yb ![]() Ytterbium |
71 Lu ![]() Lutetium |
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89 Ac ![]() Actinium |
90 Th ![]() Thorium |
91 Pa ![]() Protactinium |
92 U ![]() Uranium |
93 Np ![]() Neptunium |
94 Pu ![]() Plutonium |
95 Am ![]() Americium |
96 Cm ![]() Curium |
97 Bk ![]() Berkelium |
98 Cf ![]() Californium |
99 Es ![]() Einsteinium |
100 Fm ![]() Fermium |
101 Md ![]() Mendelevium |
102 No ![]() Nobelium |
103 Lr ![]() Lawrencium |
– p block |
Carbon Element Information
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Origin of name | Latin word “carbo” (which means charcoal) |
Symbol | C |
Atomic number (Z) | 6 |
Atomic mass | 12.0107 u |
Block | p-block |
Group | 14 (carbon group) |
Period | 2 |
Classification | Reactive nonmetal |
Covalent radius | sp3: 77 pm sp2: 73 pm sp: 69 pm |
Van der Waals radius | 170 pm |
Sublimation point | 3642 ℃, 6588 ℉, 3915 K |
Electron configuration | [He] 2s2 2p2 |
Electrons per shell | 2, 4 |
Learn how to draw: Carbon Bohr Model | |
Crystal structure | Graphite: simple hexagonal (black) Diamond: face-centered diamond-cubic (clear) |
Phase at r.t | Solid |
Density near r.t | Amorphous: 1.8-2.1 g/cm3 Graphite: 2.267 g/cm3 Diamond: 3.515 g/cm3 |
Main isotopes | Carbon-12, Carbon-13 |
Natural occurrence | Primordial |
Oxidation state | -4, +1, +2, +3, +4 |
Electronegativity (Pauling scale) | 2.55 |
Protons Neutrons Electrons |
6 6 6 |
Learn how to find: Carbon Protons Neutrons Electrons | |
Valence electrons | 4 |
Learn how to find: Carbon Valence Electrons | |
CAS number | Atomic carbon: 7440-44-0 Graphite: 7782-42-5 Diamond: 7782-40-3 |
Discovered by | Egyptians and Sumerians in 3750 BCE |
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Related:
More Elements:
External Links:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon
- https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/6/carbon
- https://www.britannica.com/science/carbon-chemical-element
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/element/Carbon
- https://www.livescience.com/28698-facts-about-carbon.html
- https://www.chemicool.com/elements/carbon.html
- https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele006.html
- https://chemistrytalk.org/carbon-element/