Beryllium (Br) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 2 and the period 2, and is having the atomic number 4. It is a lightweight, strong, and brittle silvery-white alkaline earth metal, whose name comes from the Greek word “beryllos”, which means mineral beryl. It is the lightest alkaline earth metal.
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| – s block |
FAQs on Beryllium Element
| Beryllium |
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| ‣ What does beryllium look like? Appearance: white-gray metallic |
| ‣ When was beryllium discovered and by whom? Discovery: Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1798) First isolation: Friedrich Wohler & Antoine Bussy (1828) |
‣ Where is beryllium found on the periodic table? Location: Beryllium is found in the second column of the periodic table, next to the lithium element. |
| ‣ What is beryllium’s atomic number? Atomic number (Z): 4 |
| ‣ What is beryllium’s symbol? Symbol: Be |
| ‣ What is the atomic weight of beryllium? Standard atomic weight: 9.0121831 |
| ‣ Which block does beryllium belong to? Block: s-block |
| ‣ What group does beryllium belong to? Group: 2 (alkaline earth metals) |
| ‣ What period is beryllium in on the periodic table? Period: 2 |
| ‣ What is the atomic radius of beryllium? Atomic radius: empirical: 112 pm |
| ‣ Beryllium covalent radius: 96±3 pm |
| ‣ Beryllium Van der Waals radius: 153 pm |
| ‣ What is beryllium’s melting point? Melting point: 1560 K (1287 °C, 2349 °F) |
| ‣ What is the boiling point of beryllium? Boiling point: 2742 K (2469 °C, 4476 °F) |
| ‣ Beryllium critical point: 5205 K, Mpa (extrapolated) |
| ‣ How many electron shells does beryllium have? Electrons per shell: 2, 2 |
| ‣ What is beryllium’s electron configuration? Electron configuration: [He] 2s2 |
| ‣ What is beryllium ionization energy? Ionization energies: 1st: 899.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1757.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 14,848.7 kJ/mol |
| ‣ What phase is beryllium in at room temperature? Phase (at r.t): solid |
| ‣ What is beryllium’s density? Density (near r.t): 1.85 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p): 1.690 g/cm3 |
| ‣ Beryllium magnetic ordering: diamagnetic |
| ‣ Beryllium natural occurrence: primordial |
| ‣ Oxidation state of beryllium: +2 |
| ‣ What is beryllium’s electronegativity? Electronegativity: Pauling scale: 1.57 |
| ‣ Beryllium poisson’s ratio: 0.032 |
| ‣ Beryllium heat of fusion: 12.2 kJ/mol |
| ‣ Beryllium heat of vaporization: 292 kJ/mol |
| ‣ Beryllium molar heat capacity: 16.443 J/(mol K) |
| ‣ Beryllium molar magnetic susceptibility: -9.0 × 10-6 cm3/mol |
| ‣ Speed of sound in beryllium: 12,890 m/s (at r.t) |
| ‣ What is the structure of beryllium? Crystal structure: hexagonal close-packed (hcp) |
| ‣ Thermal expansion of beryllium: 11.3 µm/(m.K) (at 25 °C) |
| ‣ Thermal conductivity of beryllium: 200 W/(m.K) |
| ‣ Beryllium electrical resistivity: 36 nΩ.m (at 20 °C) |
| ‣ What is the hardness of beryllium? Mohs hardness: 5.5 Vickers hardness: 1670 MPa Brinell hardness: 590-1320 MPa |
| ‣ Young’s modulus of beryllium: 287 GPa |
| ‣ Shear modulus of beryllium: 132 GPa |
| ‣ Bulk modulus of beryllium: 130 GPa |
| ‣ Beryllium CAS number: 7440-41-7 |
‣ Beryllium vapor pressure
| Vapor pressure | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| at T (K) | 1462 | 1608 | 1791 | 2023 | 2327 | 2742 |
‣ How many isotopes does beryllium have?
| Main isotopes of beryllium | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isotope | Abundance | Half-life (t1/2) | Decay mode | Product |
| 7Be | trace | 53.12 d | ε γ | 7Li – |
| 9Be | 100 % | stable | ||
| 10Be | trace | 1.39 × 106 y | β– | 10B |
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