Chromium (Cr) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 6 and the period 4, and has the atomic number 24. It is a hard, lustrous, silvery-grey transition metal, whose name comes from the Greek word “Chroma”, which means color. It is the 21th most abundant element on earth.
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| – d block |
FAQs on Chromium Element
| Chromium |
|---|
| ‣ What does chromium look like? Appearance: silvery metallic |
| ‣ Who discovered chromium and when? Discovery and first isolation: Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1794, 1797) |
‣ Where is chromium found on the periodic table? Location: Chromium is found in the sixth column of the periodic table, next to the vanadium element. |
| ‣ What is chromium’s atomic number? Atomic number (Z): 24 |
| ‣ What is chromium’s symbol? Symbol: Cr |
| ‣ What is the atomic weight of chromium? Standard atomic weight: 51.9961 |
| ‣ In which block of the periodic table is chromium (cr) found? Block: d-block |
| ‣ What group is chromium in on the periodic table? Group: 6 |
| ‣ What period is chromium in on the periodic table? Period: 4 |
| ‣ Chromium atomic radius: empirical: 128 pm |
| ‣ Chromium covalent radius: 139±5 pm |
| ‣ What is chromium’s melting point? Melting point: 2180 K (1907 °C, 3465 °F) |
| ‣ What is the boiling point of chromium? Boiling point: 2944 K (2671 °C, 4840 °F) |
| ‣ How many electron shells does chromium have? Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 13, 1 |
| ‣ What is the correct electron configuration for chromium? Electron configuration: [Ar] 3d5 4s1 |
| ‣ What is the ionization energy of chromium? Ionization energies: 1st: 652.9 kJ/mol 2nd: 1590.6 kJ/mol 3rd: 2987 kJ/mol |
| ‣ What is the phase of chromium? Phase (at r.t): solid |
| ‣ What is the density of chromium? Density (near r.t): 7.19 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p): 6.3 g/cm3 |
| ‣ Chromium magnetic ordering: antiferromagnetic (rather: SDW) |
| ‣ Chromium natural occurrence: primordial |
| ‣ What is chromium oxidation state? Oxidation state: -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 |
| ‣ What’s the electronegativity of chromium? Electronegativity: Pauling scale: 1.66 |
| ‣ Chromium poisson’s ratio: 0.21 |
| ‣ Chromium heat of fusion: 21.0 kJ/mol |
| ‣ Chromium heat of vaporization: 347 kJ/mol |
| ‣ Chromium molar heat capacity: 23.35 J/(mol K) |
| ‣ Chromium molar magnetic susceptibility: +280.0 × 10-6 cm3/mol (273 K) |
| ‣ Speed of sound in chromium: 5940 m/s (at 20 °C) |
| ‣ What is the crystal structure of chromium? Crystal structure: body-centered cubic (bcc) |
| ‣ Thermal expansion of chromium: 4.9 µm/(m.K) (at 25 °C) |
| ‣ Thermal conductivity of chromium: 93.9 W/(m.K) |
| ‣ Chromium electrical resistivity: 125 nΩ.m (at 20 °C) |
| ‣ What is the hardness of chromium? Mohs hardness: 8.5 Vickers hardness: 1060 MPa Brinell hardness: 687-6500 MPa |
| ‣ Young’s modulus of chromium: 279 GPa |
| ‣ Shear modulus of chromium: 115 GPa |
| ‣ Bulk modulus of chromium: 160 GPa |
| ‣ Chromium CAS number: 7440-47-3 |
‣ Chromium vapor pressure
| Vapor pressure | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| at T (K) | 1656 | 1807 | 1991 | 2223 | 2530 | 2942 |
‣ How many isotopes does chromium have?
| Main isotopes of chromium | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isotope | Abundance | Half-life (t1/2) | Decay mode | Product |
| 50Cr | 4.345 % | stable | ||
| 51Cr | syn | 27.7025 d | ε γ | 51V – |
| 52Cr | 83.789 % | stable | ||
| 53Cr | 9.501 % | stable | ||
| 54Cr | 2.365 % | stable | ||
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