
Vanadium (V) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 5 and the period 4, and has the atomic number 23. It is a hard, malleable, silvery-grey transition metal, which is named after “Vanadis”, the Scandinavian goddess Freyja. It is the 20th most abundant element on earth.
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– d block |
FAQs on Vanadium Element
Vanadium |
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‣ What does vanadium look like? Appearance: blue-silver-grey metal |
‣ Who discovered vanadium and when? Discovery: Nils Gabriel Sefstrom (1830) First isolation: Henry Enfield Roscoe (1867) |
‣ Where is vanadium located on the periodic table?![]() Location: Vanadium is found in the fifth column of the periodic table, next to the titanium element. |
‣ What is the atomic number of vanadium? Atomic number (Z): 23 |
‣ What is the symbol of vanadium? Symbol: V |
‣ What is the atomic weight of vanadium? Standard atomic weight: 50.9415 |
‣ What block does vanadium belong to? Block: d-block |
‣ What group is vanadium in on the periodic table? Group: 5 |
‣ What period is vanadium on the periodic table? Period: 4 |
‣ Vanadium atomic radius: empirical: 134 pm |
‣ Vanadium covalent radius: 153±8 pm |
‣ What is the melting point of vanadium? Melting point: 2183 K (1910 °C, 3470 °F) |
‣ What is vanadium boiling point? Boiling point: 3680 K (3407 °C, 6165 °F) |
‣ How many electron shells does vanadium have? Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 11, 2 |
‣ What is the ground state electron configuration of vanadium? Electron configuration: [Ar] 3d3 4s2 |
‣ What is the ionization energy of vanadium? Ionization energies: 1st: 650.9 kJ/mol 2nd: 1414 kJ/mol 3rd: 2830 kJ/mol |
‣ What is the phase of vanadium? Phase (at r.t): solid |
‣ What is the density of vanadium? Density (near r.t): 6.11 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p): 5.5 g/cm3 |
‣ Vanadium magnetic ordering: paramagnetic |
‣ Vanadium natural occurrence: primordial |
‣ What is the oxidation state of vanadium? Oxidation state: +2, +3, +4, +5 |
‣ What’s the electronegativity of vanadium? Electronegativity: Pauling scale: 1.63 |
‣ Vanadium poisson’s ratio: 0.37 |
‣ Vanadium heat of fusion: 21.5 kJ/mol |
‣ Vanadium heat of vaporization: 444 kJ/mol |
‣ Vanadium molar heat capacity: 24.89 J/(mol K) |
‣ Vanadium molar magnetic susceptibility: +255.0 × 10-6 cm3/mol (298 K) |
‣ Speed of sound in vanadium: 4560 m/s (at 20 °C) |
‣ What is the crystal structure of vanadium? Crystal structure: body-centered cubic (bcc) |
‣ Thermal expansion of vanadium: 8.4 µm/(m.K) (at 25 °C) |
‣ Thermal conductivity of vanadium: 30.7 W/(m.K) |
‣ Vanadium electrical resistivity: 197 nΩ.m (at 20 °C) |
‣ What is the hardness of vanadium? Mohs hardness: 6.7 Vickers hardness: 628-640 MPa Brinell hardness: 600-742 MPa |
‣ Young’s modulus of vanadium: 128 GPa |
‣ Shear modulus of vanadium: 47 GPa |
‣ Bulk modulus of vanadium: 160 GPa |
‣ Vanadium CAS number: 7440-62-2 |
‣ Vanadium vapor pressure
Vapor pressure | ||||||
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P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
at T (K) | 2101 | 2289 | 2523 | 2814 | 2814 | 3187 |
‣ How many isotopes does vanadium have?
Main isotopes of vanadium | ||||
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Isotope | Abundance | Half-life (t1/2) | Decay mode | Product |
48V | syn | 16 d | β+ | 48Ti |
49V | syn | 330 d | ε | 49Ti |
50V | 0.25 % | 1.5 × 1017 y | ε β– | 50Ti 50Cr |
51V | 99.75 % | stable |
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