Darmstadtium (Ds) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 10 and the period 7, and has the atomic number 110. It is named after the city of Darmstadt, Germany, where it was first discovered. It is a transuranium element and is counted as one of the radioactive elements.
On periodic table
| group | ⇨ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| period | ⇩ | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 H  Hydrogen |
2 He  Helium |
|||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 3 Li  Lithium |
4 Be  Beryllium |
5 B  Boron |
6 C  Carbon |
7 N  Nitrogen |
8 O  Oxygen |
9 F  Fluorine |
10 Ne  Neon |
|||||||||||
| 3 | 11 Na  Sodium |
12 Mg  Magnesium |
13 Al  Aluminium |
14 Si  Silicon |
15 P  Phosphorus |
16 S  Sulfur |
17 Cl  Chlorine |
18 Ar  Argon |
|||||||||||
| 4 | 19 K  Potassium |
20 Ca  Calcium |
21 Sc  Scandium |
22 Ti  Titanium |
23 V  Vanadium |
24 Cr  Chromium |
25 Mn  Manganese |
26 Fe  Iron |
27 Co  Cobalt |
28 Ni  Nickel |
29 Cu  Copper |
30 Zn  Zinc |
31 Ga  Gallium |
32 Ge  Germanium |
33 As  Arsenic |
34 Se  Selenium |
35 Br  Bromine |
36 Kr  Krypton |
|
| 5 | 37 Rb  Rubidium |
38 Sr  Strontium |
39 Y  Yttrium |
40 Zr  Zirconium |
41 Nb  Niobium |
42 Mo  Molybdenum |
43 Tc  Technetium |
44 Ru  Ruthenium |
45 Rh  Rhodium |
46 Pd  Palladium |
47 Ag  Silver |
48 Cd  Cadmium |
49 In  Indium |
50 Sn  Tin |
51 Sb  Antimony |
52 Te  Tellurium |
53 I  Iodine |
54 Xe  Xenon |
|
| 6 | 55 Cs  Caesium |
56 Ba  Barium |
72 Hf  Hafnium |
73 Ta  Tantalum |
74 W  Tungsten |
75 Re  Rhenium |
76 Os  Osmium |
77 Ir  Iridium |
78 Pt  Platinum |
79 Au  Gold |
80 Hg  Mercury |
81 Tl  Thallium |
82 Pb  Lead |
83 Bi  Bismuth |
84 Po  Polonium |
85 At  Astatine |
86 Rn  Radon |
||
| 7 | 87 Fr  Francium |
88 Ra  Radium |
104 Rf  Rutherfordium |
105 Db  Dubnium |
106 Sg  Seaborgium |
107 Bh  Bohrium |
108 Hs  Hassium |
109 Mt  Meitnerium |
110 Ds Darmstadtium |
111 Rg  Roentgenium |
112 Cn  Copernicium |
113 Nh  Nihonium |
114 Fl  Flerovium |
115 Mc  Moscovium |
116 Lv  Livermorium |
117 Ts  Tennessine |
118 Og  Oganesson |
||
| 57 La  Lanthanum |
58 Ce  Cerium |
59 Pr  Praseodymium |
60 Nd  Neodymium |
61 Pm  Promethium |
62 Sm  Samarium |
63 Eu  Europium |
64 Gd  Gadolinium |
65 Tb  Terbium |
66 Dy  Dysprosium |
67 Ho  Holmium |
68 Er  Erbium |
69 Tm  Thulium |
70 Yb  Ytterbium |
71 Lu  Lutetium |
|||||
| 89 Ac  Actinium |
90 Th  Thorium |
91 Pa  Protactinium |
92 U  Uranium |
93 Np  Neptunium |
94 Pu  Plutonium |
95 Am  Americium |
96 Cm  Curium |
97 Bk  Berkelium |
98 Cf  Californium |
99 Es  Einsteinium |
100 Fm  Fermium |
101 Md  Mendelevium |
102 No  Nobelium |
103 Lr  Lawrencium |
|||||
| – d block |
Darmstadtium is a d-block element, situated in the tenth column of the periodic table, between meitnerium (Mt) and roentgenium (Rg). It has the atomic number 110 and is denoted by the symbol Ds.
Element information
 |
|
| Origin of name | named after Darmstadt, a city in Germany |
| Symbol | Ds |
| Atomic number (Z) | 110 |
| Atomic mass | (281) |
| Block | d-block |
| Group | 10 |
| Period | 7 |
| Classification | Unknown chemical properties |
| Atomic radius | 132 pm (predicted) |
| Covalent radius | 128 pm (estimated) |
| Electron configuration | [Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2 (predicted) |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 16, 2 (predicted) |
| Crystal structure | Body-centered cubic (bcc) (predicted) |
| Phase at r.t | Solid (predicted) |
| Density near r.t | 26-27 g/cm3 (predicted) |
| Natural occurrence | Synthetic |
| Oxidation state | 0 (predicted), +2 (predicted), +8 (predicted) |
| Protons Neutrons Electrons |
110 171 110 |
| CAS number | 54083-77-1 |
| Discovered at | Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung in 1994 |
History
Darmstadtium was first synthesized in 1994 by a team of German scientists at the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt, Germany. The element was named after the city in which it was discovered. The discovery of darmstadtium was announced by a team of researchers led by Sigurd Hofmann and Gottfried Münzenberg, along with Peter Armbruster.
The process of creating darmstadtium involved bombarding lead-208 atoms with nickel-62 ions at high energies. This process led to the fusion of the two nuclei, creating an atom of darmstadtium. The researchers were able to confirm the presence of darmstadtium by observing its decay products, which included isotopes of bohrium and hassium.
The discovery of darmstadtium was a significant achievement in the field of nuclear physics and chemistry, as it helped to expand our understanding of the properties and behavior of heavy, superheavy elements. The discovery of darmstadtium was also notable for its potential applications in scientific research, particularly in the study of nuclear fusion and the development of new materials and technologies.
Since its discovery, darmstadtium has been the subject of numerous scientific studies and experiments. Researchers continue to investigate its properties and behavior in order to better understand the fundamental nature of matter and the universe.
Occurrence and production
Darmstadtium is an extremely rare and synthetic element that does not exist naturally on Earth. It is a man-made element that is produced through nuclear reactions involving fusion of isotopes of lighter elements. Because it is not found naturally, it does not have any biological or environmental significance.
Darmstadtium can be produced only in a laboratory. It is produced by nuclear fusion reactions, in which atomic nuclei of two lighter elements are fused together to create a heavier element. The most common method used to produce darmstadtium is through the fusion of isotopes of lead with nickel or copper. This method involves bombarding a thin target of lead with a beam of nickel or copper ions, resulting in the fusion of the two elements and the creation of darmstadtium. The process is extremely difficult and requires highly sophisticated equipment and techniques to detect the extremely small amounts of darmstadtium produced.
Properties
Physical properties
Darmstadtium is expected to be a solid element at room temperature.
It is expected to have a high melting and boiling point due to its position in the periodic table.
It is predicted to have a metallic silver appearance.
Chemical properties
Darmstadtium is expected to be a highly reactive element due to its position in the periodic table.
It is predicted to form chemical compounds with other elements such as halogens, oxygen, and sulfur.
Its properties are expected to be similar to other group 10 elements such as nickel, palladium, and platinum.
Nuclear properties
Darmstadtium has a very short half-life of around 10-14 seconds, which makes it difficult to study its properties.
It is highly radioactive and decays through alpha decay, emitting alpha particles.
Its isotopes are highly unstable and have very high decay energies, making it difficult to produce and study.
Applications
Unfortunately, there are currently no known applications for darmstadtium due to its extremely short half-life and the difficulty of producing and studying it. However, it is an important element in the field of nuclear physics as it can provide insight into the properties of superheavy elements and the stability of atomic nuclei. Studies of darmstadtium and other superheavy elements also contribute to the ongoing effort to better understand the limits of the periodic table and the possible existence of stable superheavy elements.
Interesting facts
Darmstadtium is named after the city of Darmstadt in Germany, where it was first synthesized.
It is a highly radioactive and unstable element, with a very short half-life.
Darmstadtium is a member of the transactinide series of elements, which are extremely rare and difficult to study.
Its most stable isotope, darmstadtium-281, has a half-life of only about 14 seconds.
Because of its short half-life and high reactivity, there are currently no known practical applications for darmstadtium.
Darmstadtium was first synthesized in 1994 by a team of German scientists using a heavy ion accelerator at the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt.
The synthesis of darmstadtium required the fusion of a lead nucleus with a nickel nucleus, which resulted in the formation of a darmstadtium-269 atom.
The discovery of darmstadtium was confirmed by a team of American scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, who were able to reproduce the synthesis in 2001.
Darmstadtium is one of the heaviest elements ever synthesized, with an atomic number of 110.
It is a highly reactive element that has not yet been studied extensively due to its rarity and short half-life.
Related
More elements
External links
- https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/110/darmstadtium
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darmstadtium
- https://www.britannica.com/science/darmstadtium
- https://www.chemicool.com/elements/darmstadtium.html
- https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele110.html
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/element/Darmstadtium
- https://www.livescience.com/41304-facts-about-darmstadtium.html
Deep
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