Darmstadtium

Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium block | Image: Learnool

Darmstadtium (Ds) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 10 and the period 7, and has the atomic number 110. It is named after the city of Darmstadt, Germany, where it was first discovered. It is a transuranium element and is counted as one of the radioactive elements.

On periodic table

group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
period
1 1
H
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Hydrogen
2
He
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Helium
2 3
Li
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Lithium
4
Be
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Beryllium
5
B
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Boron
6
C
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Carbon
7
N
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Nitrogen
8
O
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Oxygen
9
F
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Fluorine
10
Ne
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Neon
3 11
Na
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Sodium
12
Mg
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Magnesium
13
Al
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Aluminium
14
Si
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Silicon
15
P
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Phosphorus
16
S
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Sulfur
17
Cl
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Chlorine
18
Ar
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Argon
4 19
K
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Potassium
20
Ca
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Calcium
21
Sc
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Scandium
22
Ti
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Titanium
23
V
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Vanadium
24
Cr
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Chromium
25
Mn
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Manganese
26
Fe
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Iron
27
Co
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Cobalt
28
Ni
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Nickel
29
Cu
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Copper
30
Zn
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Zinc
31
Ga
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Gallium
32
Ge
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Germanium
33
As
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Arsenic
34
Se
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Selenium
35
Br
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Bromine
36
Kr
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Krypton
5 37
Rb
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Rubidium
38
Sr
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Strontium
39
Y
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Yttrium
40
Zr
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Zirconium
41
Nb
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Niobium
42
Mo
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Molybdenum
43
Tc
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Technetium
44
Ru
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Ruthenium
45
Rh
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Rhodium
46
Pd
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Palladium
47
Ag
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Silver
48
Cd
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Cadmium
49
In
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Indium
50
Sn
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Tin
51
Sb
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Antimony
52
Te
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Tellurium
53
I
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Iodine
54
Xe
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Xenon
6 55
Cs
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Caesium
56
Ba
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Barium
72
Hf
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Hafnium
73
Ta
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Tantalum
74
W
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Tungsten
75
Re
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Rhenium
76
Os
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Osmium
77
Ir
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Iridium
78
Pt
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Platinum
79
Au
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Gold
80
Hg
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Mercury
81
Tl
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Thallium
82
Pb
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Lead
83
Bi
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Bismuth
84
Po
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Polonium
85
At
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Astatine
86
Rn
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Radon
7 87
Fr
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Francium
88
Ra
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Radium
104
Rf
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Rutherfordium
105
Db
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Dubnium
106
Sg
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Seaborgium
107
Bh
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Bohrium
108
Hs
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Hassium
109
Mt
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Meitnerium
110
Ds
Darmstadtium
111
Rg
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Roentgenium
112
Cn
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Copernicium
113
Nh
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Nihonium
114
Fl
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Flerovium
115
Mc
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Moscovium
116
Lv
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Livermorium
117
Ts
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Tennessine
118
Og
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Oganesson
57
La
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Lanthanum
58
Ce
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Cerium
59
Pr
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Praseodymium
60
Nd
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Neodymium
61
Pm
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Promethium
62
Sm
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Samarium
63
Eu
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Europium
64
Gd
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Gadolinium
65
Tb
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Terbium
66
Dy
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Dysprosium
67
Ho
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Holmium
68
Er
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Erbium
69
Tm
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Thulium
70
Yb
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Ytterbium
71
Lu
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Lutetium
89
Ac
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Actinium
90
Th
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Thorium
91
Pa
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Protactinium
92
U
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Uranium
93
Np
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Neptunium
94
Pu
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Plutonium
95
Am
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Americium
96
Cm
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Curium
97
Bk
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Berkelium
98
Cf
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Californium
99
Es
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Einsteinium
100
Fm
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Fermium
101
Md
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Mendelevium
102
No
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Nobelium
103
Lr
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Lawrencium
– d block

Darmstadtium is a d-block element, situated in the tenth column of the periodic table, between meitnerium (Mt) and roentgenium (Rg). It has the atomic number 110 and is denoted by the symbol Ds.

Element information

Darmstadtium Periodic Table
Darmstadtium location on periodic table | Image: Learnool
Darmstadtium is found in the seventh row of the periodic table, next to the meitnerium element.
Origin of name named after Darmstadt, a city in Germany
Symbol Ds
Atomic number (Z) 110
Atomic mass (281)
Block d-block
Group 10
Period 7
Classification Unknown chemical properties
Atomic radius 132 pm (predicted)
Covalent radius 128 pm (estimated)
Electron configuration [Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2 (predicted)
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 16, 2 (predicted)
Crystal structure Body-centered cubic (bcc) (predicted)
Phase at r.t Solid (predicted)
Density near r.t 26-27 g/cm3 (predicted)
Natural occurrence Synthetic
Oxidation state 0 (predicted), +2 (predicted), +8 (predicted)
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
110
171
110
CAS number 54083-77-1
Discovered at Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung in 1994

History

Darmstadtium was first synthesized in 1994 by a team of German scientists at the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt, Germany. The element was named after the city in which it was discovered. The discovery of darmstadtium was announced by a team of researchers led by Sigurd Hofmann and Gottfried Münzenberg, along with Peter Armbruster.

The process of creating darmstadtium involved bombarding lead-208 atoms with nickel-62 ions at high energies. This process led to the fusion of the two nuclei, creating an atom of darmstadtium. The researchers were able to confirm the presence of darmstadtium by observing its decay products, which included isotopes of bohrium and hassium.

The discovery of darmstadtium was a significant achievement in the field of nuclear physics and chemistry, as it helped to expand our understanding of the properties and behavior of heavy, superheavy elements. The discovery of darmstadtium was also notable for its potential applications in scientific research, particularly in the study of nuclear fusion and the development of new materials and technologies.

Since its discovery, darmstadtium has been the subject of numerous scientific studies and experiments. Researchers continue to investigate its properties and behavior in order to better understand the fundamental nature of matter and the universe.

Occurrence and production

Darmstadtium is an extremely rare and synthetic element that does not exist naturally on Earth. It is a man-made element that is produced through nuclear reactions involving fusion of isotopes of lighter elements. Because it is not found naturally, it does not have any biological or environmental significance.

Darmstadtium can be produced only in a laboratory. It is produced by nuclear fusion reactions, in which atomic nuclei of two lighter elements are fused together to create a heavier element. The most common method used to produce darmstadtium is through the fusion of isotopes of lead with nickel or copper. This method involves bombarding a thin target of lead with a beam of nickel or copper ions, resulting in the fusion of the two elements and the creation of darmstadtium. The process is extremely difficult and requires highly sophisticated equipment and techniques to detect the extremely small amounts of darmstadtium produced.

Properties

Physical properties

Darmstadtium is expected to be a solid element at room temperature.

It is expected to have a high melting and boiling point due to its position in the periodic table.

It is predicted to have a metallic silver appearance.

Chemical properties

Darmstadtium is expected to be a highly reactive element due to its position in the periodic table.

It is predicted to form chemical compounds with other elements such as halogens, oxygen, and sulfur.

Its properties are expected to be similar to other group 10 elements such as nickel, palladium, and platinum.

Nuclear properties

Darmstadtium has a very short half-life of around 10-14 seconds, which makes it difficult to study its properties.

It is highly radioactive and decays through alpha decay, emitting alpha particles.

Its isotopes are highly unstable and have very high decay energies, making it difficult to produce and study.

Applications

Unfortunately, there are currently no known applications for darmstadtium due to its extremely short half-life and the difficulty of producing and studying it. However, it is an important element in the field of nuclear physics as it can provide insight into the properties of superheavy elements and the stability of atomic nuclei. Studies of darmstadtium and other superheavy elements also contribute to the ongoing effort to better understand the limits of the periodic table and the possible existence of stable superheavy elements.

Interesting facts

Darmstadtium is named after the city of Darmstadt in Germany, where it was first synthesized.

It is a highly radioactive and unstable element, with a very short half-life.

Darmstadtium is a member of the transactinide series of elements, which are extremely rare and difficult to study.

Its most stable isotope, darmstadtium-281, has a half-life of only about 14 seconds.

Because of its short half-life and high reactivity, there are currently no known practical applications for darmstadtium.

Darmstadtium was first synthesized in 1994 by a team of German scientists using a heavy ion accelerator at the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt.

The synthesis of darmstadtium required the fusion of a lead nucleus with a nickel nucleus, which resulted in the formation of a darmstadtium-269 atom.

The discovery of darmstadtium was confirmed by a team of American scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, who were able to reproduce the synthesis in 2001.

Darmstadtium is one of the heaviest elements ever synthesized, with an atomic number of 110.

It is a highly reactive element that has not yet been studied extensively due to its rarity and short half-life.

Related

More elements

s block
p block
d block
f block
Barium Aluminium Bohrium Actinium
Beryllium Antimony Cadmium Americium
Caesium Argon Chromium Berkelium
Calcium Arsenic Cobalt Californium
Francium Astatine Copernicium Cerium
Helium Bismuth Copper Curium
Hydrogen Boron Darmstadtium Dysprosium
Lithium Bromine Dubnium Einsteinium
Magnesium Carbon Gold Erbium
Potassium Chlorine Hafnium Europium
Radium Flerovium Hassium Fermium
Rubidium Fluorine Iridium Gadolinium
Sodium Gallium Iron Holmium
Strontium Germanium Lawrencium Lanthanum
Indium Lutetium Mendelevium
Iodine Manganese Neodymium
Krypton Meitnerium Neptunium
Lead Mercury Nobelium
Livermorium Molybdenum Plutonium
Moscovium Nickel Praseodymium
Neon Niobium Promethium
Nihonium Osmium Protactinium
Nitrogen Palladium Samarium
Oganesson Platinum Terbium
Oxygen Rhenium Thorium
Phosphorus Rhodium Thulium
Polonium Roentgenium Uranium
Radon Ruthenium Ytterbium
Selenium Rutherfordium
Silicon Scandium
Sulfur Seaborgium
Tellurium Silver
Tennessine Tantalum
Thallium Technetium
Tin Titanium
Xenon Tungsten
Vanadium
Yttrium
Zinc
Zirconium

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Learnool.com was founded by Deep Rana, who is a mechanical engineer by profession and a blogger by passion. He has a good conceptual knowledge on different educational topics and he provides the same on this website. He loves to learn something new everyday and believes that the best utilization of free time is developing a new skill.

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