Gadolinium Element (Periodic Table)

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Gadolinium

Gadolinium (Gd) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the period 6, and has the atomic number 64. It is the eighth element in the lanthanide series. It is slightly malleable, ductile, silvery metal, which is named after the mineral gadolinite, in honour of Johan Gadolin, a Finnish chemist and geologist. It is counted as one of the rare earth elements.

group
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
period
1
 1
H
 2
He
2
 3
Li
 4
Be
 5
B
 6
C
 7
N
 8
O
 9
F
 10
Ne
3
 11
Na
 12
Mg
 13
Al
 14
Si
 15
P
 16
S
 17
Cl
 18
Ar
4
 19
K
 20
Ca
 21
Sc
 22
Ti
 23
V
 24
Cr
 25
Mn
 26
Fe
 27
Co
 28
Ni
 29
Cu
 30
Zn
 31
Ga
 32
Ge
 33
As
 34
Se
 35
Br
 36
Kr
5
 37
Rb
 38
Sr
 39
Y
 40
Zr
 41
Nb
 42
Mo
 43
Tc
 44
Ru
 45
Rh
 46
Pd
 47
Ag
 48
Cd
 49
In
 50
Sn
 51
Sb
 52
Te
 53
I
 54
Xe
6
 55
Cs
 56
Ba
 72
Hf
 73
Ta
 74
W
 75
Re
 76
Os
 77
Ir
 78
Pt
 79
Au
 80
Hg
 81
Tl
 82
Pb
 83
Bi
 84
Po
 85
At
 86
Rn
7
 87
Fr
 88
Ra
 104
Rf
 105
Db
 106
Sg
 107
Bh
 108
Hs
 109
Mt
 110
Ds
 111
Rg
 112
Cn
 113
Nh
 114
Fl
 115
Mc
 116
Lv
 117
Ts
 118
Og
57
La
 58
Ce
 59
Pr
 60
Nd
 61
Pm
 62
Sm
 63
Eu
 64
Gd
 65
Tb
 66
Dy
 67
Ho
 68
Er
 69
Tm
 70
Yb
 71
Lu
89
Ac
 90
Th
 91
Pa
 92
U
 93
Np
 94
Pu
 95
Am
 96
Cm
 97
Bk
 98
Cf
 99
Es
 100
Fm
 101
Md
 102
No
 103
Lr
– f block

FAQs on Gadolinium Element

Gadolinium
‣ What does gadolinium look like?

Appearance: silvery white
‣ Who discovered gadolinium? When was gadolinium discovered?

Discovery: Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880)
First isolation: Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886)
‣ Where on the periodic table is gadolinium found?

Gadolinium Periodic Table

Location: Gadolinium is found in the sixth row of the periodic table, next to the europium element.
‣ What is the atomic number of gadolinium?

Atomic number (Z): 64
‣ Gadolinium symbol: Gd
‣ Atomic weight of gadolinium: 157.25
‣ Which block does gadolinium belong to?

Block: f-block
‣ What period is gadolinium on the periodic table?

Period: 6
‣ What is the atomic radius of gadolinium?

Atomic radius: empirical: 180 pm
‣ Gadolinium covalent radius: 196±6 pm
‣ Gadolinium melting point: 1585 K (1312 °C, 2394 °F)
‣ What is the boiling point of gadolinium?

Boiling point: 3273 K (3000 °C, 5432 °F)
‣ How many electrons does gadolinium have?

Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
‣ What is the electron configuration of gadolinium?

Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
‣ Gadolinium ionization energies:
1st: 593.4 kJ/mol
2nd: 1170 kJ/mol
3rd: 1990 kJ/mol
‣ Is gadolinium solid, liquid or gas at room temperature?

Phase (at r.t): solid
‣ What is the density of gadolinium?

Density (near r.t): 7.90 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p): 7.4 g/cm3
‣ Gadolinium magnetic ordering: ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition at 293.4 K
‣ Gadolinium natural occurrence: primordial
‣ Gadolinium oxidation state: +3
‣ What’s the electronegativity of gadolinium?

Electronegativity: Pauling scale: 1.20
‣ Gadolinium poisson’s ratio: α form: 0.259
‣ Gadolinium heat of fusion: 10.05 kJ/mol
‣ Gadolinium heat of vaporization: 301.3 kJ/mol
‣ Gadolinium molar heat capacity: 37.03 J/(mol K)
‣ Gadolinium molar magnetic susceptibility: +755000.0 × 10-6 cm3/mol (300.6 K)
‣ Speed of sound in gadolinium: 2680 m/s (at 20 °C)
‣ What is the crystal structure of gadolinium?

Crystal structure: hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
‣ Thermal expansion of gadolinium: α, poly: 9.4 µm/(m.K) (at 100 °C)
‣ Thermal conductivity of gadolinium: 10.6 W/(m.K)
‣ Gadolinium electrical resistivity: α, poly: 1.310 µΩ.m
‣ Gadolinium hardness

Vickers hardness: 510-950 MPa
‣ Young’s modulus of gadolinium: α form: 54.8 GPa
‣ Shear modulus of gadolinium: α form: 21.8 GPa
‣ Bulk modulus of gadolinium: α form: 37.9 GPa
‣ Gadolinium CAS number: 7440-54-2

‣ Gadolinium vapor pressure

Vapor pressure (calculated)
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)183620282267257329763535

‣ How many isotopes does gadolinium have?

Main isotopes of gadolinium
IsotopeAbundanceHalf-life (t1/2)Decay modeProduct
148Gdsyn75 yα144Sm
150Gdsyn1.8 × 106 yα146Sm
152Gd0.20 %1.08 × 1014 yα148Sm
154Gd2.18 %stable
155Gd14.80 %stable
156Gd20.47 %stable
157Gd15.65 %stable
158Gd24.84 %stable
160Gd21.86 %stable

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