Radium Bohr model

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In the radium Bohr model, the nucleus holds 88 protons and 138 neutrons. Orbiting this nucleus are seven electron shells, carrying a total of 88 electrons.

To draw the radium Bohr model, represent the 88 protons, 138 neutrons, and 88 electrons. Start by sketching the nucleus, and then illustrate the seven electron shells. The first two shells should contain 2 and 8 electrons, respectively, while the third and fourth shells hold 18 and 32 electrons, respectively. The fifth and sixth shells accommodate 18 and 8 electrons each, and the seventh shell has the remaining 2 electrons.

Steps

Find protons, neutrons, and electrons of radium atom

Radium has 88  protons, 138 neutrons, and 88 electrons.

Radium protons

• Protons = atomic number

From the periodic table, find the atomic number of radium.

The atomic number of radium is 88. Hence, radium has a total of 88 protons.

Radium neutrons

• Neutrons = atomic mass – atomic number

The atomic mass of radium is 226 and the atomic number of radium is 88.

Subtract the atomic number (88) from the atomic mass (226). Hence, radium has a total of 226 – 88 = 138 neutrons.

Radium electrons

• Electrons = atomic number

The atomic number of radium is 88. Hence, radium has a total of 88 electrons.

Draw nucleus of radium atom

The nucleus of a radium atom contains 88 protons and 138 neutrons. So draw the nucleus of radium atom as follows:

Now in the next step, draw the 1^st electron shell and start marking electrons.

Draw 1^st electron shell

Remember that we have a total of 88 electrons.

The 1^st electron shell (containing s subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 2 electrons. So draw the 1^st electron shell as follows:

In the above image, 1 represents the 1^st electron shell that contains 1s subshell. And the green color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 1^st electron shell has a total of 2 electrons.

Since we have already used 2 electrons in the 1^st electron shell, now we have 88 – 2 = 86 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 2^nd electron shell.

Draw 2^nd electron shell

The 2^nd electron shell (containing s subshell and p subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 8 electrons. So draw the 2^nd electron shell as follows:

In the above image, 2 represents the 2^nd electron shell that contains 2s and 2p subshells. And the green and orange color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 2^nd electron shell has a total of 8 electrons.

Now we have already used 10 electrons in 1^st and 2^nd electron shells, so we have 88 – 10 = 78 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 3^rd electron shell.

Draw 3^rd electron shell

The 3^rd electron shell (containing s subshell, p subshell, and d subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 18 electrons. So draw the 3^rd electron shell as follows:

In the above image, 3 represents the 3^rd electron shell that contains 3s, 3p, and 3d subshells. And the green, orange, and pink color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 3^rd electron shell has a total of 18 electrons.

Now we have already used 28 electrons in 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd electron shells, so we have 88 – 28 = 60 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 4^th electron shell.

Draw 4^th electron shell

The 4^th electron shell (containing s subshell, p subshell, d subshell, and f subshell) can hold up to a maximum of 32 electrons. So draw the 4^th electron shell as follows:

In the above image, 4 represents the 4^th electron shell that contains 4s, 4p, 4d, and 4f subshells. And the green, orange, pink, and blue color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 4^th electron shell has a total of 32 electrons.

Now we have already used 60 electrons in 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, and 4^th electron shells, so we have 88 – 60 = 28 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 5^th electron shell.

Draw 5^th electron shell

The 5^th electron shell can hold up to a maximum of 50 electrons. So draw the 5^th electron shell as follows:

In the above image, 5 represents the 5^th electron shell that contains 5s, 5p, and 5d subshells. And the green, orange, and pink color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 5^th electron shell has a total of 18 electrons.

The 5^th electron shell contains only 5s, 5p, and 5d subshells, and not a 5f subshell. This is because according to the aufbau principle, the 6s subshell is filled first and then 4f, 5d, 6p… and so on.

Now we have already used 78 electrons in 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th electron shells, so we have 88 – 78 = 10 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 6^th electron shell.

Draw 6^th electron shell

The 6^th electron shell can hold up to a maximum of 72 electrons. So draw the 6^th electron shell as follows:

In the above image, 6 represents the 6^th electron shell that contains 6s and 6p subshells. And the green and orange color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 6^th electron shell has a total of 8 electrons.

The 6^th electron shell contains only 6s and 6p subshells, and not 6d and 6f subshells. This is because according to the aufbau principle, the 7s subshell is filled first and then 5f, 6d, 7p… and so on.

Now we have already used 86 electrons in 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, 5^th, and 6^th electron shells, so we have 88 – 86 = 2 electrons left. So in the next step, we have to draw the 7^th electron shell.

Draw 7^th electron shell

The 7^th electron shell can hold up to a maximum of 98 electrons. So draw the 7^th electron shell as follows:

In the above image, 7 represents the 7^th electron shell that contains 7s subshell. And the green color represents the number of electrons in that subshell. This means that the 7^th electron shell has a total of 2 electrons.

That’s it! This is the final Bohr model of radium atom as we have used all 88 electrons: 2 electrons in the 1^st electron shell, 8 electrons in the 2^nd electron shell, 18 electrons in the 3^rd electron shell, 32 electrons in the 4^th electron shell, 18 electrons in the 5^th electron shell, 8 electrons in the 6^th electron shell, and 2 electrons in the 7^th electron shell.

Next: Boron Bohr model

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Related

• Radium

More topics

• Radium electron configuration
• Radium valence electrons

External links

• File:88 radium (Ra) enhanced Bohr model.png – Wikimedia Commons
• What is the Bohr model for Radium? – Chemistry QnA – Topblogtenz
• Chemical Elements.com – Radium (Ra) – Chemical Elements.com
• Radium (Ra) – Periodic Table (Element Information & More) – Periodic Table Guide
• Radium (Ra) – Periodic Table – ChemicalAid
• How many electron shells does radium have? – Answers