CH3SH Lewis structure

The information on this page is ✔ fact-checked.

CH₃SH (methanethiol) has one carbon atom, four hydrogen atoms, and one sulfur atom.

In the CH₃SH Lewis structure, there is a single bond between the carbon and sulfur atom. The carbon atom is attached with three hydrogen atoms, and the sulfur atom is attached with one hydrogen atom. And on the sulfur atom, there are two lone pairs.

Steps

Use these steps to correctly draw the CH₃SH Lewis structure:

#1 First draw a rough sketch
#2 Mark lone pairs on the atoms
#3 Calculate and mark formal charges on the atoms, if required

Let’s discuss each step in more detail.

#1 First draw a rough sketch

• First, determine the total number of valence electrons

In the periodic table, carbon lies in group 14, hydrogen lies in group 1, and sulfur lies in group 16.

Hence, carbon has four valence electrons, hydrogen has one valence electron, and sulfur has six valence electrons.

Since CH₃SH has one carbon atom, four hydrogen atoms, and one sulfur atom, so…

Valence electrons of one carbon atom = 4 × 1 = 4
Valence electrons of four hydrogen atoms = 1 × 4 = 4
Valence electrons of one sulfur atom = 6 × 1 = 6

And the total valence electrons = 4 + 4 + 6 = 14

Learn how to find: Carbon valence electrons, Hydrogen valence electrons, and Sulfur valence electrons

• Second, find the total electron pairs

We have a total of 14 valence electrons. And when we divide this value by two, we get the value of total electron pairs.

Total electron pairs = total valence electrons ÷ 2

So the total electron pairs = 14 ÷ 2 = 7

• Third, determine the central atom

Here hydrogen can not be the central atom. Because the central atom is bonded with at least two other atoms, and hydrogen has only one electron in its last shell, so it can not make more than one bond.

Now we have to choose the central atom from carbon and sulfur. Place the least electronegative atom at the center.

Since carbon is less electronegative than sulfur, assume that the central atom is carbon.

Therefore, place carbon in the center and hydrogen and sulfur on either side.

• And finally, draw the rough sketch

#2 Mark lone pairs on the atoms

Here, we have a total of 7 electron pairs. And five bonds are already marked. So we have to only mark the remaining two electron pairs as lone pairs on the sketch.

Also remember that carbon is a period 2 element, so it can not keep more than 8 electrons in its last shell. Hydrogen is a period 1 element, so it can not keep more than 2 electrons in its last shell. And sulfur is a period 3 element, so it can keep more than 8 electrons in its last shell.

Always start to mark the lone pairs from outside atoms. Here, the outside atoms are hydrogens and sulfur. But no need to mark on hydrogen, because each hydrogen has already two electrons.

So for sulfur, there are two lone pairs, and for carbon, there is zero lone pair because all two electron pairs are over.

Mark the lone pairs on the sketch as follows:

#3 Calculate and mark formal charges on the atoms, if required

Use the following formula to calculate the formal charges on atoms:

Formal charge = valence electrons – nonbonding electrons – ½ bonding electrons

For carbon atom, formal charge = 4 – 0 – ½ (8) = 0

For each hydrogen atom, formal charge = 1 – 0 – ½ (2) = 0

For sulfur atom, formal charge = 6 – 4 – ½ (4) = 0

Here, the atoms do not have charges, so no need to mark the charges.

In the above structure, you can see that the central atom (carbon) forms an octet. The outside atom (sulfur) also forms an octet, and all hydrogens form a duet. Hence, the octet rule and duet rule are satisfied.

Therefore, this structure is the stable Lewis structure of CH₃SH.

Next: C₂H₂O Lewis structure

📝 Your feedback matters. Visit our contact page.

External links

• https://oneclass.com/homework-help/chemistry/7026099-ch3sh-lewis-structure.en.html