Sodium valence electrons

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Sodium valence electrons
Sodium valence electrons | Image: Learnool

Sodium is classified as an alkali metal and holds 1 valence electron. The valence electrons for sodium can be determined by two methods: one is to directly check its position on the periodic table – which is group 1 in this case – and the second is to use its electron configuration.

Methods

Using periodic table

Periodic table | Image: Learnool

Get the periodic table having the chemical elements marked on it as mentioned above.

Now mark the location of sodium on the periodic table.

Sodium location marked on periodic table | Image: Learnool

Next, mark the group number of sodium on the periodic table.

Sodium group number marked on periodic table | Image: Learnool

The valence electrons of each main-group element can be determined by the column in which it is located.

(i.e., all group 1 elements have 1 valence electron, all group 2 elements have 2 valence electrons, skip the transition metals… then, all group 13 elements have 3 valence electrons, all group 14 elements have 4 valence electrons, and so on up to group 18 elements)

Since sodium is in group 1, it has 1 valence electron.

Using electron configuration

  • First, write electron configuration of sodium

The electron configuration of sodium is [Ne] 3s1.

  • Second, find highest energy level in electron configuration
Green colored number represent highest energy level | Image: Learnool

In the above electron configuration, the highest energy level (3) is marked with green color.

  • Finally, count electrons of that energy level
Number circled with green color represent electrons | Image: Learnool

The 3rd energy level contains 3s subshell and it has 1 electron. So sodium has a total of 1 valence electron.

Next: Magnesium valence electrons

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Learnool.com was founded by Deep Rana, who is a mechanical engineer by profession and a blogger by passion. He has a good conceptual knowledge on different educational topics and he provides the same on this website. He loves to learn something new everyday and believes that the best utilization of free time is developing a new skill.

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