
The alkali metals (also known as the lithium family) in the periodic table include the six chemical elements: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). On reacting with water, these elements form alkalies, so they are known as alkali metals. All alkali metals have one valence electron. These elements are in group 1 of the periodic table, below the hydrogen.
group | ⇨ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
period | ⇩ | ||||||||||||||||||
1 | 1 H ![]() Hydrogen |
2 He ![]() Helium |
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2 | 3 Li ![]() Lithium |
4 Be ![]() Beryllium |
5 B ![]() Boron |
6 C ![]() Carbon |
7 N ![]() Nitrogen |
8 O ![]() Oxygen |
9 F ![]() Fluorine |
10 Ne ![]() Neon |
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3 | 11 Na ![]() Sodium |
12 Mg ![]() Magnesium |
13 Al ![]() Aluminium |
14 Si ![]() Silicon |
15 P ![]() Phosphorus |
16 S ![]() Sulfur |
17 Cl ![]() Chlorine |
18 Ar ![]() Argon |
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4 | 19 K ![]() Potassium |
20 Ca ![]() Calcium |
21 Sc ![]() Scandium |
22 Ti ![]() Titanium |
23 V ![]() Vanadium |
24 Cr ![]() Chromium |
25 Mn ![]() Manganese |
26 Fe ![]() Iron |
27 Co ![]() Cobalt |
28 Ni ![]() Nickel |
29 Cu ![]() Copper |
30 Zn ![]() Zinc |
31 Ga ![]() Gallium |
32 Ge ![]() Germanium |
33 As ![]() Arsenic |
34 Se ![]() Selenium |
35 Br ![]() Bromine |
36 Kr ![]() Krypton |
|
5 | 37 Rb ![]() Rubidium |
38 Sr ![]() Strontium |
39 Y ![]() Yttrium |
40 Zr ![]() Zirconium |
41 Nb ![]() Niobium |
42 Mo ![]() Molybdenum |
43 Tc ![]() Technetium |
44 Ru ![]() Ruthenium |
45 Rh ![]() Rhodium |
46 Pd ![]() Palladium |
47 Ag ![]() Silver |
48 Cd ![]() Cadmium |
49 In ![]() Indium |
50 Sn ![]() Tin |
51 Sb ![]() Antimony |
52 Te ![]() Tellurium |
53 I ![]() Iodine |
54 Xe ![]() Xenon |
|
6 | 55 Cs ![]() Caesium |
56 Ba ![]() Barium |
72 Hf ![]() Hafnium |
73 Ta ![]() Tantalum |
74 W ![]() Tungsten |
75 Re ![]() Rhenium |
76 Os ![]() Osmium |
77 Ir ![]() Iridium |
78 Pt ![]() Platinum |
79 Au ![]() Gold |
80 Hg ![]() Mercury |
81 Tl ![]() Thallium |
82 Pb ![]() Lead |
83 Bi ![]() Bismuth |
84 Po ![]() Polonium |
85 At ![]() Astatine |
86 Rn ![]() Radon |
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7 | 87 Fr ![]() Francium |
88 Ra ![]() Radium |
104 Rf ![]() Rutherfordium |
105 Db ![]() Dubnium |
106 Sg ![]() Seaborgium |
107 Bh ![]() Bohrium |
108 Hs ![]() Hassium |
109 Mt ![]() Meitnerium |
110 Ds ![]() Darmstadtium |
111 Rg ![]() Roentgenium |
112 Cn ![]() Copernicium |
113 Nh ![]() Nihonium |
114 Fl ![]() Flerovium |
115 Mc ![]() Moscovium |
116 Lv ![]() Livermorium |
117 Ts ![]() Tennessine |
118 Og ![]() Oganesson |
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57 La ![]() Lanthanum |
58 Ce ![]() Cerium |
59 Pr ![]() Praseodymium |
60 Nd ![]() Neodymium |
61 Pm ![]() Promethium |
62 Sm ![]() Samarium |
63 Eu ![]() Europium |
64 Gd ![]() Gadolinium |
65 Tb ![]() Terbium |
66 Dy ![]() Dysprosium |
67 Ho ![]() Holmium |
68 Er ![]() Erbium |
69 Tm ![]() Thulium |
70 Yb ![]() Ytterbium |
71 Lu ![]() Lutetium |
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89 Ac ![]() Actinium |
90 Th ![]() Thorium |
91 Pa ![]() Protactinium |
92 U ![]() Uranium |
93 Np ![]() Neptunium |
94 Pu ![]() Plutonium |
95 Am ![]() Americium |
96 Cm ![]() Curium |
97 Bk ![]() Berkelium |
98 Cf ![]() Californium |
99 Es ![]() Einsteinium |
100 Fm ![]() Fermium |
101 Md ![]() Mendelevium |
102 No ![]() Nobelium |
103 Lr ![]() Lawrencium |
– alkali metal |
FAQs on Alkali Metal
‣ Are alkali metals soft or hard? The alkali metals are relatively soft. |
‣ Where are alkali metals found? The alkali metals are on the left-most column of the periodic table. |
‣ Which is not an alkali metal? The hydrogen element located in group 1 of the periodic table is not an alkali metal. |
‣ What is the oxidation state of alkali metals? The oxidation state of alkali metals is +1. |
‣ What is the valency of alkali metals? The valence or valency of alkali metals is +1. |
‣ Do alkali metals occur freely in nature? The alkali metals do not occur freely in nature. |
‣ Which alkali metal has the lowest atomic mass? The lithium element has the lowest atomic mass (6.941 u) among all alkali metals. |
‣ What are the 6 alkali metals? The six alkali metals are as follows: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr) |
‣ Can alkali metals be cut with knife? The alkali metals are soft enough to be cut easily with a knife. |
‣ Which alkali metal is the strongest reducing agent? Lithium is the strongest reducing agent among all alkali metals. |
‣ How many valence electrons do alkali metals have? The valence electrons of alkali metals is 1. |
‣ What is the most reactive alkali metal? The francium element is the most reactive among all alkali metals. |
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Related:
Also Read:
- Block
- Group
- Period
- Metal
- Alkaline Earth Metal
- Lanthanide
- Actinide
- Transition Metal
- Post Transition Metal
- Metalloid
- Nonmetal
- Reactive Nonmetal
- Noble Gas
External Links:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal
- https://www.britannica.com/science/alkali-metal
- https://ehs.stanford.edu/reference/information-alkali-metals
- https://chemistrytalk.org/alkali-metals-periodic-table/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/alkali-metal
- https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/alkali%20metal