Flerovium (Fl) is a chemical element of the periodic table, located in the group 14 and the period 7, and has the atomic number 114. It is named after the Soviet nuclear physicist, Georgy Flerov. It is a transuranium element and is counted as one of the radioactive elements. It is a member of the carbon group.
On periodic table
| group | ⇨ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| period | ⇩ | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 H  Hydrogen |
2 He  Helium |
|||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 3 Li  Lithium |
4 Be  Beryllium |
5 B  Boron |
6 C  Carbon |
7 N  Nitrogen |
8 O  Oxygen |
9 F  Fluorine |
10 Ne  Neon |
|||||||||||
| 3 | 11 Na  Sodium |
12 Mg  Magnesium |
13 Al  Aluminium |
14 Si  Silicon |
15 P  Phosphorus |
16 S  Sulfur |
17 Cl  Chlorine |
18 Ar  Argon |
|||||||||||
| 4 | 19 K  Potassium |
20 Ca  Calcium |
21 Sc  Scandium |
22 Ti  Titanium |
23 V  Vanadium |
24 Cr  Chromium |
25 Mn  Manganese |
26 Fe  Iron |
27 Co  Cobalt |
28 Ni  Nickel |
29 Cu  Copper |
30 Zn  Zinc |
31 Ga  Gallium |
32 Ge  Germanium |
33 As  Arsenic |
34 Se  Selenium |
35 Br  Bromine |
36 Kr  Krypton |
|
| 5 | 37 Rb  Rubidium |
38 Sr  Strontium |
39 Y  Yttrium |
40 Zr  Zirconium |
41 Nb  Niobium |
42 Mo  Molybdenum |
43 Tc  Technetium |
44 Ru  Ruthenium |
45 Rh  Rhodium |
46 Pd  Palladium |
47 Ag  Silver |
48 Cd  Cadmium |
49 In  Indium |
50 Sn  Tin |
51 Sb  Antimony |
52 Te  Tellurium |
53 I  Iodine |
54 Xe  Xenon |
|
| 6 | 55 Cs  Caesium |
56 Ba  Barium |
72 Hf  Hafnium |
73 Ta  Tantalum |
74 W  Tungsten |
75 Re  Rhenium |
76 Os  Osmium |
77 Ir  Iridium |
78 Pt  Platinum |
79 Au  Gold |
80 Hg  Mercury |
81 Tl  Thallium |
82 Pb  Lead |
83 Bi  Bismuth |
84 Po  Polonium |
85 At  Astatine |
86 Rn  Radon |
||
| 7 | 87 Fr  Francium |
88 Ra  Radium |
104 Rf  Rutherfordium |
105 Db  Dubnium |
106 Sg  Seaborgium |
107 Bh  Bohrium |
108 Hs  Hassium |
109 Mt  Meitnerium |
110 Ds  Darmstadtium |
111 Rg  Roentgenium |
112 Cn  Copernicium |
113 Nh  Nihonium |
114 Fl Flerovium |
115 Mc  Moscovium |
116 Lv  Livermorium |
117 Ts  Tennessine |
118 Og  Oganesson |
||
| 57 La  Lanthanum |
58 Ce  Cerium |
59 Pr  Praseodymium |
60 Nd  Neodymium |
61 Pm  Promethium |
62 Sm  Samarium |
63 Eu  Europium |
64 Gd  Gadolinium |
65 Tb  Terbium |
66 Dy  Dysprosium |
67 Ho  Holmium |
68 Er  Erbium |
69 Tm  Thulium |
70 Yb  Ytterbium |
71 Lu  Lutetium |
|||||
| 89 Ac  Actinium |
90 Th  Thorium |
91 Pa  Protactinium |
92 U  Uranium |
93 Np  Neptunium |
94 Pu  Plutonium |
95 Am  Americium |
96 Cm  Curium |
97 Bk  Berkelium |
98 Cf  Californium |
99 Es  Einsteinium |
100 Fm  Fermium |
101 Md  Mendelevium |
102 No  Nobelium |
103 Lr  Lawrencium |
|||||
| – p block |
Flerovium is a p-block element, situated in the fourteenth column, also known as the carbon group of the periodic table, between nihonium (Nh) and moscovium (Mc). It has the atomic number 114 and is denoted by the symbol Fl.
Element information
 |
|
| Origin of name | named after Soviet nuclear physicist, Georgy Flerov |
| Symbol | Fl |
| Atomic number (Z) | 114 |
| Atomic mass | (289) |
| Block | p-block |
| Group | 14 (carbon group) |
| Period | 7 |
| Classification | Unknown chemical properties |
| Atomic radius | 180 pm (predicted) |
| Covalent radius | 171-177 pm (extrapolated) |
| Melting point | 70 ℃, 158 ℉, 343.15 K (predicted) |
| Boiling point | 150 ℃, 302 ℉, 423.15 K (predicted) |
| Electron configuration | [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 (predicted) |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 4 (predicted) |
| Phase at r.t | Liquid (predicted) |
| Density near r.t | 11.4±0.3 g/cm3 (predicted) |
| Natural occurrence | Synthetic |
| Oxidation state | +2 (predicted) |
| Protons Neutrons Electrons |
114 175 114 |
| Valence electrons | 4 |
| CAS number | 54085-16-4 |
| Discovered at | Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (JINR) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in 1999 |
History
Flerovium was named after the Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov, who was the founder of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia. The element was first synthesized in 1999 by a team of scientists led by Yuri Oganessian at the JINR and by a team of scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.
The discovery of flerovium was the result of a series of experiments involving the fusion of calcium-48 ions with plutonium-244 targets. The first experiment was carried out in 1998, but the results were not conclusive. A second experiment was performed the following year, and this time the results were more convincing. The scientists were able to detect three atoms of flerovium, which decayed into other elements within a fraction of a second.
The discovery of flerovium was not officially recognized until 2011, when the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) confirmed that the element had indeed been synthesized. The element was given the name flerovium in honor of Georgy Flyorov and his contributions to the field of nuclear physics.
The discovery of flerovium has opened up new avenues of research in nuclear physics and chemistry. Scientists are now studying the properties of flerovium and its isotopes in order to gain a better understanding of the nature of the heaviest elements in the periodic table. The study of flerovium is also important for the development of new technologies, such as nuclear fusion, which could one day provide a source of clean energy for the world.
Occurrence and production
Flerovium is a synthetic element, which means it does not occur naturally in the Earth’s crust. It is a highly unstable element with a short half-life, making it difficult to produce and study.
Flerovium is produced artificially by bombarding a heavy target element with a beam of lighter projectiles in a particle accelerator. The most common method used for producing flerovium involves the fusion of a plutonium or americium target with a beam of calcium ions in a heavy-ion accelerator. The resulting reaction produces flerovium along with other elements, which are separated and identified using sophisticated detection methods.
The production of flerovium is a complex and challenging process due to the short half-life of the element, which limits the amount of time available for studying its properties. Additionally, the production of flerovium requires specialized equipment and expertise, which is available only at a few laboratories around the world.
Properties
Physical properties
Flerovium is a highly radioactive element.
It is expected to be solid at room temperature.
The melting point and boiling point of flerovium are unknown, but they are expected to be 70 ℃ and 150 ℃.
Chemical properties
Flerovium is a member of group 14 of the periodic table, along with carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead.
It is expected to have a higher electronegativity than lead due to its smaller atomic radius.
Flerovium is expected to form stable divalent cations, similar to lead.
It is expected to react with halogens to form binary compounds.
Atomic properties
Flerovium has an atomic mass of 289, with 175 neutrons and 114 protons.
Flerovium is expected to have seven isotopes, with the most stable isotope, flerovium-289, having a half-life of approximately 1.9 seconds.
Applications
Unfortunately, there is currently no known application of flerovium due to its extremely short half-life and limited production. However, its properties and behavior are studied to expand our knowledge of the periodic table and nuclear physics. Studies on flerovium may lead to the development of new theories and concepts that can be applied in the fields of nuclear physics and material science. It can help scientists better understand the behavior of superheavy elements and their potential role in astrophysical processes.
Interesting facts
Flerovium is named after the Russian nuclear physicist Georgy Flyorov, who is known for his work in the discovery of superheavy elements.
Flerovium is a synthetic element, which means it is not found in nature and has to be produced artificially in a laboratory.
The most stable isotope of flerovium, flerovium-289, has a half-life of only a few seconds, making it extremely difficult to study.
Flerovium is classified as an unknown chemical property and is expected to have similar chemical properties to other elements in group 14 of the periodic table, such as carbon, silicon, and lead.
The production of flerovium is a complex process that involves bombarding heavy elements with lighter elements in a particle accelerator.
Flerovium is considered a superheavy transactinide element, with an atomic number of 114, making it one of the heaviest elements currently known.
Due to its short half-life and high radioactivity, flerovium has no practical applications and is primarily studied for scientific research purposes.
Flerovium was first synthesized in 1998 by a team of Russian and American scientists, and its discovery was officially confirmed by IUPAC in 2011, based on the results of the Dubna team’s experiments from 2004 to 2007.
Flerovium is an extremely rare element, with only a few atoms ever produced and detected in laboratory experiments.
The properties and behavior of flerovium are still being studied by scientists around the world, and its discovery has contributed to our understanding of the fundamental principles of nuclear physics and chemistry.
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Related
More elements
External links
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flerovium
- https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/114/flerovium
- https://www.britannica.com/science/flerovium
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/element/Flerovium
- https://www.chemicool.com/elements/flerovium.html
- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic4026766
- https://www.livescience.com/41420-facts-about-flerovium.html
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